Adrenal Gland Cancer (Adenocarcinoma of the Adrenal Gland/Adrenocorticol carcinoma)

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What is Adrenal Gland Cancer?

Adenocarcinoma is a malignant (one that can spread throughout the body) cancer of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are paired organs that sit on top of the kidneys in the back of the upper abdomen. The adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenals) is part of the endorcrine system. It secretes hormones to deal with stress (glucocorticoids), hormones to deal with water, salt and blood pressure control (aldosterone) and also some sex hormones. Some cancers of the adrenal gland also produce these hormones, which in excessive amounts cause a distinctive set of symptoms.

Who gets Adrenal Gland Cancer?

Adrenal gland cancer (Adrenocorticol carcinomas) is rare (1 in 2,000,000 of all cancers). They occur at any age including childhood, however the median age is 44 years.

Predisposing Factors

The cause of adrenal gland cancer unknown.

Progression

Adrenal gland cancer (Adrenocorticol carcinomas) tend to metastasise or spread early on. This occurs through the blood and lymph. Distant growth often occurs within the lungs and other internal organs. Metastases within bones is rare.

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